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Attachment, depression, and cortisol: Deviant patterns in insecure‐resistant and disorganized infants
Author(s) -
Luijk Maartje P.C.M.,
Saridjan Nathalie,
Tharner Anne,
van IJzendoorn Marinus H.,
BakermansKranenburg Marian J.,
Jaddoe Vincent W.V.,
Hofman Albert,
Verhulst Frank C.,
Tiemeier Henning
Publication year - 2010
Publication title -
developmental psychobiology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.055
H-Index - 93
eISSN - 1098-2302
pISSN - 0012-1630
DOI - 10.1002/dev.20446
Subject(s) - psychology , depression (economics) , cidi , developmental psychology , maternal sensitivity , clinical psychology , affect (linguistics) , psychiatry , anxiety , anxiety disorder , communication , economics , macroeconomics
Both attachment insecurity and maternal depression are thought to affect infants' emotional and physiological regulation. In the current study, Strange Situation Procedure (SSP) attachment classifications, and cortisol stress reactivity and diurnal rhythm were assessed at 14 months in a prospective cohort study of 369 mother–infant dyads. Maternal lifetime depression was diagnosed prenatally using the Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI). Insecure‐resistant infants showed the largest increase in cortisol levels from pre‐ to post‐SSP; the effect was even stronger when they had depressive mothers. Disorganized children showed a more flattened diurnal cortisol pattern compared to nondisorganized children. Findings are discussed from the perspective of a cumulative risk model. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Dev Psychobiol 52: 441–452, 2010.