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Different approaches to relating genotype to phenotype in developmental disorders
Author(s) -
KarmiloffSmith Annette,
Scerif Gaia,
Thomas Michael
Publication year - 2002
Publication title -
developmental psychobiology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.055
H-Index - 93
eISSN - 1098-2302
pISSN - 0012-1630
DOI - 10.1002/dev.10035
Subject(s) - phenotype , genotype , biology , genotype phenotype distinction , cognition , genetics , gene , psychology , ontogeny , evolutionary biology , neuroscience
In this article, we discuss the complex problem of relating genotype to phenotype and challenge the simple mapping of genes to higher level cognitive modules. We examine various methods that have been used to investigate this relation including quantitative genetics, molecular genetics, animal models, and in‐depth psychological and computational studies of developmental disorders. Both single gene and multiple gene disorders indicate that the relationship between genotype and phenotype is very indirect and that, rather than identifying mere snapshots of developmental outcomes, the process of ontogenetic development itself must be taken into account. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Dev Psychobiol 40: 311–322, 2002. DOI 10.1002/dev.10035