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Synergism Between Tramadol and Parecoxib in the Orofacial Formalin Test
Author(s) -
IsiordiaEspinoza Mario Alberto,
ZapataMorales Juan Ramón,
CastañedaSantana Demian Ismael,
de la RosaCoronado Maximiliano,
AragonMartinez Othoniel Hugo
Publication year - 2015
Publication title -
drug development research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.582
H-Index - 60
eISSN - 1098-2299
pISSN - 0272-4391
DOI - 10.1002/ddr.21251
Subject(s) - tramadol , parecoxib , ed50 , orofacial pain , medicine , pharmacology , nociception , tail flick test , drug interaction , anesthesia , analgesic , drug , surgery , receptor
ABSTRACTPreclinical ResearchThe aim of this study was to evaluate the interaction between tramadol and parecoxib in the orofacial formalin test. Tramadol (10, 31.6, 56, and 100 mg/kg ip) or parecoxib (31.6, 56, 100, and 178 mg/kg ip) were administered 10 min before formalin (2.5%) injection into the upper lip to characterize the dose–response curve of each individual drug in the orofacial pain test in mice. Once the dose–response curve of each drug was obtained, an experimental effective dose 50 (ED 50 ) value was determined for each drug. The tramadol–parecoxib combination was evaluated in four different groups of animals. The isobolographic analysis and the interaction index were used to evaluate the nature of interaction between both drugs. The isobologram and the interaction index showed increased in the antinociceptive effect of the combination. The tramadol–parecoxib combination produces a synergism in the second phase of the orofacial formalin test. Drug Dev Res 73 : 152–156, 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.