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Pharmacogenomic approaches in antidiabetic drug development
Author(s) -
Rosmond Roland
Publication year - 2004
Publication title -
drug development research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.582
H-Index - 60
eISSN - 1098-2299
pISSN - 0272-4391
DOI - 10.1002/ddr.10358
Subject(s) - pharmacogenomics , human genome , disease , computational biology , diabetes mellitus , drug , bioinformatics , drug discovery , biology , medicine , drug development , genome , toxicogenomics , pharmacology , genetics , gene , gene expression , endocrinology
Sequencing the human genome has provided new insights that will enhance our understanding of the genetic mechanisms underlying diabetes. However, completion of the human genome sequence is just the beginning. The current challenge is to generate a comprehensive understanding of the software and the hardware of the cell and the organism. Less than 2% of the noninfectious human disease burden is monogenic in nature. The rest is polygenic or is caused by nongenetic or postgenetic alterations in cellular molecules. Consequently, elucidating pathological mechanisms and full penetration of the causal mechanisms driving diabetes progression will require analysis tools ranging from direct DNA sequencing, mRNA expression monitoring, protein sequencing, protein localization studies, and finally to metabolic or physiologic profiling. In addition, studying the influence of genetic differences on the variability in patients' response to antidiabetic drugs holds the promise that drugs might one day be tailor‐made for individuals and adapted to each person's own genetic makeup. Environment, diet, age, lifestyle, and state of health all influences an individual's response to medicines, but the study of pharmacogenomics will offer a more comprehensive understanding of drug responses, aiding the development of antidiabetic drugs with greater efficacy and safety. Drug Dev. Res. 62:207–212, 2004. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.