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Diagnostic role and limitations of FNAC in oral and jaw swellings
Author(s) -
Goyal Surbhi,
Sharma Sonal,
Diwaker Preeti
Publication year - 2015
Publication title -
diagnostic cytopathology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.417
H-Index - 65
eISSN - 1097-0339
pISSN - 8755-1039
DOI - 10.1002/dc.23308
Subject(s) - medicine , pathology , salivary gland , pleomorphic adenoma , adenoid cystic carcinoma , mucocele , plasmacytoma , fine needle aspiration cytology , biopsy , carcinoma , multiple myeloma , immunology
Background Fine‐needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) of oral lesions has not been widely utilized for diagnosis due to rarity and diversity of lesions, peculiar anatomy of maxillofacial region, difficulty in aspirating these lesions, and limited experience. Aim of this study was to determine the role of FNAC in the diagnosis of oral and jaw swellings. Materials and Methods One hundred and forty two patients underwent FNAC over a period of 7 years (2007–2013), of which 127 (89.4%) aspirates were diagnostic. Histopathologic correlation was available in 83 cases and diagnostic accuracy of FNAC was calculated. Results Of the minor salivary gland lesions, 41 out of 55 lesions (74.5%) were benign and 14 (25.4%) were malignant. Mucocele was the most common lesion in oral cavity (30 cases) and pleomorphic adenoma was the commonest salivary gland neoplasm (9 cases). Of the 72 non‐salivary‐gland lesions, 22 lesions were inflammatory, 4 were epidermal inclusion cysts, 21 were neoplastic, and the remaining 25 presented as radiolucent jaw bone lesions. Diagnostic accuracy of FNAC in our study was 91.6% with 6 false negatives and 1 false positive. Four glandular malignancies and one case of cystic ameloblastoma were misdiagnosed as false negative on cytology. Conclusion Cytological features are diagnostic in certain inflammatory lesions of infective etiology and neoplastic conditions like Langerhans cell histiocytosis, lymphoma, plasmacytoma, Ewing's tumor, and squamous cell carcinoma. However, accurate subtyping of giant cell lesions, salivary gland tumors, odontogenic tumors, and cystic lesions may not be always feasible on FNAC. FNAC is highly accurate in early diagnosis of oral and jaw lesions. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2015;43:810–818. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.