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Expression of ProEx C in primary and metastatic urothelial carcinoma
Author(s) -
Liu Lian,
Cohen Cynthia,
Siddiqui Momin T.
Publication year - 2015
Publication title -
diagnostic cytopathology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.417
H-Index - 65
eISSN - 1097-0339
pISSN - 8755-1039
DOI - 10.1002/dc.23193
Subject(s) - medicine , tissue microarray , pathology , immunohistochemistry , carcinoma , thrombomodulin , prostate , metastatic urothelial carcinoma , cancer , cancer research , bladder cancer , platelet , thrombin , urothelial carcinoma
Background ProEx C is an antibody cocktail targeting the expression of topoisomerase IIα and minichromosome maintenance protein‐2. Both these proteins are over‐expressed in the cell nucleus during aberrant S‐phase induction of neoplastic cells, which leads to cell proliferation. The aim of this study was to determine whether ProEx C expression can detect primary and metastatic urothelial carcinoma (UC). Methods Thirty one fine needle aspiration cell blocks (CB) with metastatic UC were identified. Immunohistochemical staining for ProEx C and thrombomodulin was performed. Additionally, staining for Pro Ex C was also performed in tissue microarrays (TMA) of 46 cases of primary UC and carcinomas from colon (80), stomach (31), pancreas (33), liver (92), ovary (24), endometrium (25), breast (60), lung (27), kidney (32), and prostate (44), as well as melanoma (22). Nuclear staining of ProEx C and membrane staining of thrombomodulin in at least 10% tumor cells was considered a positive result. Results Both ProEx C and thrombomodulin have similar sensitivity for metastatic UC (84% vs. 77%, p=0.75; whereas ProEx C yielded a higher sensitivity of 93% for primary UC than thrombomodulin (72%, p=0.01). In addition to UC, ProEx C is also expressed in most of the malignant neoplasms tested in our TMA study, and has the highest sensitivity in colon and stomach carcinomas (94%). Conclusion ProEx C has high sensitivity for UC. However, it is also expressed in carcinomas of colon, stomach, breast, and lung carcinomas and may not be a useful marker for workup of metastatic UC. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2015;43:181–187. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.