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Bipolar II disorder has the highest prevalence of seasonal affective disorder in early‐onset mood disorders: Results from a prospective observational cohort study
Author(s) -
Yeom Ji Won,
Cho ChulHyun,
Jeon Sehyun,
Seo Ju Yeon,
Son Serhim,
Ahn YongMin,
Kim Se Joo,
Ha Tae Hyon,
Cha Boseok,
Moon Eunsoo,
Park Dong Yeon,
Baek Ji Hyun,
Kang HeeJu,
An Hyonggin,
Lee HeonJeong
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
depression and anxiety
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.634
H-Index - 129
eISSN - 1520-6394
pISSN - 1091-4269
DOI - 10.1002/da.23153
Subject(s) - bipolar disorder , mood , mood disorders , psychiatry , bipolar i disorder , cohort , psychology , depression (economics) , cohort study , major depressive disorder , bipolar ii disorder , medicine , pediatrics , mania , anxiety , economics , macroeconomics
Background Many mood disorder patients experience seasonal changes in varying degrees. Studies on seasonality have shown that bipolar disorder has a higher prevalence rate in such patients; however, there is limited research on seasonality in early‐onset mood disorder patients. This study estimated the prevalence of seasonality in early‐onset mood disorder patients, and examined the association between seasonality and mood disorders. Methods Early‐onset mood disorder patients ( n = 378; 138 major depressive disorder; 101 bipolar I disorder; 139 bipolar II disorder) of the Mood Disorder Cohort Research Consortium and healthy control subjects ( n = 235) were assessed for seasonality with Seasonality Pattern Assessment Questionnaire (SPAQ). Results A higher global seasonality score, an overall seasonal impairment score, and the prevalence of seasonal affective disorder (SAD) and subsyndromal SAD showed that mood disorder subjects had higher seasonality than the healthy subjects. The former subject group had a significantly higher mean overall seasonal impairment score than the healthy subjects ( p < .001); in particular, bipolar II disorder subjects had the highest prevalence of SAD, and the diagnosis of bipolar II disorder had significantly higher odds ratios for SAD when compared to major depression and bipolar I disorder ( p < .05). Conclusions Early‐onset mood disorders, especially bipolar II disorder, were associated with high seasonality. A thorough assessment of seasonality in early‐onset mood disorders may be warranted for more personalized treatment and proactive prevention of mood episodes.