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Associations between socioeconomic status and psychological therapy outcomes: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Author(s) -
Finegan Megan,
Firth Nick,
Wojnarowski Caroline,
Delgadillo Jaime
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
depression and anxiety
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.634
H-Index - 129
eISSN - 1520-6394
pISSN - 1091-4269
DOI - 10.1002/da.22765
Subject(s) - socioeconomic status , meta analysis , psychological intervention , mental health , depression (economics) , anxiety , clinical psychology , psychology , confidence interval , medicine , psychiatry , environmental health , population , economics , macroeconomics
Background Socioeconomic deprivation is associated with higher prevalence of mental health problems; however, the influence of socioeconomic status (SES) on psychological therapy outcomes is as yet unclear. Aim To review published evidence on the association between indicators of SES (income, education, employment, neighborhood deprivation, social position) and the outcomes of psychological interventions for depression and anxiety. Methods Systematic review and meta‐analysis of outcomes research studies published in the last 10 years. Results Seventeen studies including 165,574 patients measured at least one indicator of SES and its relationship with psychological therapy outcomes. Twelve of these studies found significant relationships between SES measures and mental health outcomes. Six studies focusing on employment status offered sufficient quantitative information to conduct meta‐analysis. The overall effect of employment was not significant (−0.66, confidence of interval (CI) −1.33, 0.02). A sensitivity analysis ( k = 5) showed a small effect (−0.22, CI −0.36, −0.09) of employment on treatment outcomes. Conclusions There is some evidence to indicate that socioeconomic deprivation is associated with poorer treatment outcomes, although limitations of the available data warrant treating this as a preliminary conclusion.