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Analysis of the distribution of MRI contrast agents in the livers of small animals by means of complementary microscopies
Author(s) -
Kahn E.,
Tessier C.,
Lizard G.,
Petiet A.,
Bernengo J.C.,
Coulaud D.,
Fourré C.,
Frouin F.,
Clément O.,
Jourdain J.R.,
Delain E.,
GuiraudVitaux F.,
ColasLinhart N.,
Siauve N.,
Cuenod C.A.,
Frija G.,
ToddPokropek A.
Publication year - 2003
Publication title -
cytometry part a
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.316
H-Index - 90
eISSN - 1552-4930
pISSN - 1552-4922
DOI - 10.1002/cyto.a.10017
Subject(s) - confocal , microscope , fluorescence , gadolinium , microscopy , europium , characterization (materials science) , magnetic resonance imaging , fluorescence microscope , nuclear magnetic resonance , chemistry , mri contrast agent , electron microscope , microanalysis , materials science , confocal microscopy , analytical chemistry (journal) , pathology , nanotechnology , ion , optics , chromatography , medicine , physics , organic chemistry , radiology
Background Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agents contain magnetic molecules such as iron (Fe) or gadolinium (Gd) that are injected in vivo into rats or mice to study their distribution inside the liver. Fluorescent europium (Eu) can be used as a model of Gd to obtain comparable information of this distribution of corresponding contrast agents. In a similar approach, Fe can be attached to Texas Red and used as a model of ferumoxides and be detected by fluorescence. Methods To combine and compare the advantages of different microscopic imaging modes, characterization studies were carried out by means of a confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM), a secondary ion mass spectrometric (SIMS) microscope, and an electron energy loss spectrometric (EELS) microscope. In the case of CLSM, the locations of fluorescent signals inside preparations were determined by factor analysis of biomedical image sequences (FAMIS) and selection of image sequences at emission. Results By CLSM and FAMIS, we distinguished chelated Eu and Texas Red attached to Fe. By SIMS microscopy, we distinguished Eu and Gd of chlorides and chelates and Fe of a ferumoxide. By EELS microscopy, we distinguished Eu and Gd of chlorides. Conclusions Analysis of compounds inside correlative specimens by means of CLSM, SIMS, and EELS microscopes provided complementary results. Cytometry Part A 51A:97–106, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.