Open AccessExtracellular vesicles from human multipotent stromal cells protect against hearing loss after noise trauma in vivo
Author(s) -
Warnecke Athanasia,
Harre Jennifer,
Staecker Hinrich,
Prenzler Nils,
Strunk Dirk,
CouillardDespres Sebastien,
Romanelli Pasquale,
Hollerweger Julia,
Lassacher Teresa,
Auer Daniela,
Pachler Karin,
Wietzorrek Georg,
Köhl Ulrike,
Lenarz Thomas,
Schallmoser Katharina,
LanerPlamberger Sandra,
Falk Christine S.,
Rohde Eva,
Gimona Mario
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
clinical and translational medicine
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.125
H-Index - 1
ISSN - 2001-1326
DOI - 10.1002/ctm2.262
Subject(s) - neuroprotection , mesenchymal stem cell , stromal cell , in vivo , medicine , inner ear , microbiology and biotechnology , microvesicles , neuroscience , biology , pharmacology , pathology , microrna , biochemistry , gene
The lack of approved anti‐inflammatory and neuroprotective therapies in otology has been acknowledged in the last decades and recent approaches are heralding a new era in the field. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from human multipotent (mesenchymal) stromal cells (MSC) can be enriched in vesicular secretome fractions, which have been shown to exert effects (eg, neuroprotection and immunomodulation) of their parental cells. Hence, MSC‐derived EVs may serve as novel drug candidates for several inner ear diseases. Here, we provide first evidence of a strong neuroprotective potential of human stromal cell‐derived EVs on inner ear physiology. In vitro, MSC‐EV preparations exerted immunomodulatory activity on T cells and microglial cells. Moreover, local application of MSC‐EVs to the inner ear significantly attenuated hearing loss and protected auditory hair cells from noise‐induced trauma in vivo. Thus, EVs derived from the vesicular secretome of human MSC may represent a next‐generation biological drug that can exert protective therapeutic effects in a complex and nonregenerating organ like the inner ear.