Open AccessImpact of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection on vaccine‐induced immune responses over time
Author(s) -
Havervall Sebastian,
Marking Ulrika,
GreilertNorin Nina,
Gordon Max,
Ng Henry,
Christ Wanda,
Phillipson Mia,
Nilsson Peter,
Hober Sophia,
Blom Kim,
Klingström Jonas,
Mangsbo Sara,
Åberg Mikael,
Thålin Charlotte
Publication year - 2022
Publication title -
clinical and translational immunology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.321
H-Index - 34
ISSN - 2050-0068
DOI - 10.1002/cti2.1388
Subject(s) - covid-19 , vaccination , immune system , medicine , antibody , immunology , antibody response , virology , infectious disease (medical specialty) , disease , outbreak
Objective To determine the long‐term impact of prior SARS‐CoV‐2 infection on immune responses after COVID‐19 vaccination. Methods Using longitudinally collected blood samples from the COMMUNITY study, we determined binding (WHO BAU mL −1 ) and neutralising antibody titres against ten SARS‐CoV‐2 variants over 7 months following BNT162b2 in SARS‐CoV‐2‐recovered ( n = 118) and SARS‐CoV‐2‐naïve ( n = 289) healthcare workers with confirmed prior SARS‐CoV‐2 infection. A smaller group with ( n = 47) and without ( n = 60) confirmed prior SARS‐CoV‐2 infection receiving ChAdOx1 nCoV‐19 was followed for 3 months. SARS‐CoV‐2‐specific memory T‐cell responses were investigated in a subset of SARS‐CoV‐2‐naïve and SARS‐CoV‐2‐recovered vaccinees. Results Vaccination with both vaccine platforms resulted in substantially enhanced T‐cell responses, anti‐spike IgG responses and neutralising antibodies effective against ten SARS‐CoV‐2 variants in SARS‐CoV‐2‐recovered participants as compared to SARS‐CoV‐2‐naïve participants. The enhanced immune responses sustained over 7 months following vaccination. Conclusion These findings imply that prior SARS‐CoV‐2 infection should be taken into consideration when planning booster doses and design of current and future COVID‐19 vaccine programmes.