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Universal resistorless current‐mode filters employing CCCIIs
Author(s) -
Yuce Erkan,
Kircay Ali,
Tokat Sezai
Publication year - 2007
Publication title -
international journal of circuit theory and applications
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.364
H-Index - 52
eISSN - 1097-007X
pISSN - 0098-9886
DOI - 10.1002/cta.455
Subject(s) - electronic engineering , active filter , resistor , filter (signal processing) , capacitor , spice , constant k filter , analogue filter , low pass filter , prototype filter , high pass filter , engineering , m derived filter , electronic filter topology , control theory (sociology) , voltage , computer science , electrical engineering , digital filter , control (management) , artificial intelligence
In this paper, four different‐type second‐order current‐mode filters, employing second‐generation current‐controlled conveyors (CCCIIs) and two capacitors, are proposed. The first two of the presented filters can simultaneously realize high‐output impedance low‐pass, band‐pass and high‐pass responses. Also, the two filters can provide notch and all‐pass filter responses with interconnection of the relevant output currents. The first developed one needs no critical active and passive element matching conditions and/or cancellation constraints. The second and third introduced ones employ only grounded capacitors. The fourth proposed filter derived from the third one uses only plus‐type single output CCCIIs (CCCII+s). The fifth filter can be constructed using commercially available active devices such as AD844s along with additional resistors instead of CCCII+s of the fourth proposed filter to perform experimental test easily. All of the proposed filters have low active and passive element sensitivities. Time and frequency domain analyses are performed for the first, second and third realized filters using SPICE simulation program. Also, experimental test is achieved for the fifth filter. In this study, stability problems attributed to non‐ideal gains of the CCCIIs and signal limitations of the first, second and third introduced filters due to restricted power supply voltages are investigated. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.