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Low‐power compact tunable quenching configuration for minimizing afterpulsing in single‐photon avalanche diodes
Author(s) -
Pahlavanzadeh Hadi,
Karami Mohammad Azim
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
international journal of circuit theory and applications
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.364
H-Index - 52
eISSN - 1097-007X
pISSN - 0098-9886
DOI - 10.1002/cta.2805
Subject(s) - cmos , electronic circuit , single photon avalanche diode , diode , avalanche diode , reset (finance) , electronic engineering , quenching (fluorescence) , materials science , electrical engineering , optoelectronics , avalanche photodiode , physics , computer science , detector , voltage , engineering , optics , breakdown voltage , financial economics , economics , fluorescence
Summary This paper unveils two efficient free running (FR) quenching circuits with the aim of reducing quenching time (QT) to minimize avalanche charge. Likewise, one circuit is compactly designed with low power consumption, suitable for single‐photon avalanche diode ( SPAD) with hold‐off time below 10 ns. In second circuit, tunable hold‐off and reset‐time are provided within a wide range without decreasing QT, which are desirable in many applications. Proper operation and circuit uncertainty is assessed by Monte Carlo analysis in a standard 90‐nm complementary metal‐oxide semiconductor (CMOS) technology. In a bid to do a comparison between previously reported circuits and the proposed circuits, they are simulated with same SPAD model and parameters and results corroborate the proposed circuits guarantee active quenching time (AQT) of below 1 ns. Proposed circuits with current and area consumption of 0.74 μA, 32 μm 2 for 7‐ns dead time and 16.2 μA, 93 μm 2 for 21‐ns dead time are more efficient in terms of QT, area, and power consumption in comparison with other works.