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“Water‐in‐Salt” Electrolytes for Supercapacitors: A Review
Author(s) -
Tian Xue,
Zhu Qizhen,
Xu Bin
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
chemsuschem
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.412
H-Index - 157
eISSN - 1864-564X
pISSN - 1864-5631
DOI - 10.1002/cssc.202100230
Subject(s) - supercapacitor , electrolyte , electrochemistry , materials science , energy storage , power density , salt (chemistry) , nanotechnology , chemistry , power (physics) , electrode , physics , thermodynamics
“Water‐in‐salt” (WIS) electrolytes, which have more salt than the solvent in both mass and volume, show promising prospects for application in supercapacitors due to their wide electrochemical stability window (about 3 V), considerable ion transport, high safety, low cost, and environmental friendliness. This Review summarizes the advances, progress, and challenges of WIS electrolytes in supercapacitors. The working mechanisms, reason for the wide electrochemical stability window, typical systems, challenges, and modification strategies of the WIS electrolytes in supercapacitors are discussed. Moreover, the application of WIS electrolytes in symmetric and asymmetric supercapacitors are presented. Finally, perspectives and the future development direction of WIS electrolytes are given. This Review is expected to provide inspiration and guidance for designing WIS electrolytes with advanced performance and push forward the development of high‐performance aqueous supercapacitors with high cell voltage, good rate performance, and thus high energy density and power density.