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Recent Advances in Carboxylation of Furoic Acid into 2,5‐Furandicarboxylic Acid: Pathways towards Bio‐Based Polymers
Author(s) -
Drault Fabien,
Snoussi Youssef,
Paul Sébastien,
Itabaiana Ivaldo,
Wojcieszak Robert
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
chemsuschem
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.412
H-Index - 157
eISSN - 1864-564X
pISSN - 1864-5631
DOI - 10.1002/cssc.202001393
Subject(s) - carboxylation , selectivity , isomerization , chemistry , catalysis , monomer , organic chemistry , polymer , combinatorial chemistry , homogeneous , physics , thermodynamics
Abstract 2,5‐furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA) is one of the most important bio‐sourced building blocks and several routes have been reported for its synthesis. FDCA is presumed to be an ideal green alternative to terephthalate, which is one of the predominant monomers in polymer industry. This Minireview concerns the synthesis of FDCA by using various carboxylation reactions and discusses the synthesis of FDCA starting from furoic acid and CO 2 and using different catalytic and stoichiometric processes. This process is of high interest, as it avoids the glucose isomerization step and selectivity issues observed during the 5‐hydroxymethylfurfural oxidation step of the current alternative route to FDCA. Discussion focuses on the main parameters that govern selectivity and activity in the carboxylation processes. Moreover, various previously described processes, such as the Henkel reaction and enzymatic, homogeneous catalytic, and photoelectrocatalytic processes, are also discussed.