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Polarity of Cationic Lignin Polymers: Physicochemical Behavior in Aqueous Solutions and Suspensions
Author(s) -
Sabaghi Sanaz,
Fatehi Pedram
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
chemsuschem
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.412
H-Index - 157
eISSN - 1864-564X
pISSN - 1864-5631
DOI - 10.1002/cssc.202000897
Subject(s) - chemistry , aqueous solution , cationic polymerization , monomer , flocculation , polymer , polymerization , lignin , polymer chemistry , hydrodynamic radius , polyacrylonitrile , chloride , polyelectrolyte , organic chemistry , micelle
The structure of cationic monomers can significantly impact the polarity of lignin after polymerization. Cationic hydrolysis lignin (CHL) polymers were produced by polymerizing hydrolysis lignin (HL) with [3‐(methacryloylamino)propyl] trimethylammonium chloride (MAPTAC) or [2‐(methacryloyloxy)ethyl] trimethyl ammonium chloride (METAC). The METAC monomer has an oxygen atom, with larger electronegativity, in its molecular structure, whereas the MAPTAC monomer contains a nitrogen atom, as well as an extra nonpolar CH 2 group, facilitating investigation into the effects of the polarity of CHLs on their physicochemical performance in an aqueous system. CHL polymers are analyzed and their interactions with clay particles are determined in colloidal systems. CHLs are designed to have similar charge densities (2.1–2.2 mmol g −1 ) and molecular weights (55000–60000 g mol −1 ). The hydrodynamic radius ( H y ) and radius of gyration, ( R g ) of HL‐METAC are larger than those of HL‐MAPTAC, implying a more 3‐dimensional structure of HL‐METAC in aqueous solution. The stability ratio of kaolin particles affirms the better performance of HL‐METAC in comparison to HL‐MAPTAC, which reflects the better flocculation efficiency of HL‐METAC. The results also reveal that salt and urea aqueous solutions affect the H y , R g , and configuration of CHL polymers, which alters the flocculation efficiency of HL‐METAC and HL‐MAPTAC polymers in kaolin suspensions.