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Sustainable Protocol for the Reduction of Nitroarenes by Heterogeneous Au@SBA‐15 with NaBH 4 under Flow Conditions
Author(s) -
Ferlin Francesco,
Giani Tommaso,
Zuliani Alessio,
Piermatti Oriana,
Luque Rafael,
Vaccaro Luigi
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
chemsuschem
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.412
H-Index - 157
eISSN - 1864-564X
pISSN - 1864-5631
DOI - 10.1002/cssc.201802359
Subject(s) - catalysis , chemistry , reusability , leaching (pedology) , selectivity , heterogeneous catalysis , chemical engineering , reuse , continuous flow , ball mill , combinatorial chemistry , organic chemistry , waste management , computer science , environmental science , physics , software , soil science , mechanics , engineering , soil water , programming language
Abstract A gold‐incorporated SBA‐15 catalyst was prepared by a solvent‐free ball‐milling approach. The catalyst showed high reactivity and selectivity in the reduction of a variety of nitroarenes to anilines operating in absolute EtOH with NaBH 4 as reducing agent. The catalyst was reused in batch conditions over five consecutive runs without any losses of activity or selectivity. Considering the high chemical stability and reusability of the catalytic system, a continuous‐flow protocol was also investigated and defined to minimize the generation of waste and optimize the continuous reuse of the catalyst. Benefits of flow conditions were proven by turnover numbers that increased from 47.5 to 1902 and also by the minimization of both leaching (9.5 vs. 1 ppm) and E‐factor values (8 vs. 23 in batch).