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Molten‐Salt‐Assisted Synthesis of Hierarchical Porous MnO@Biocarbon Composites as Promising Electrode Materials for Supercapacitors and Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Author(s) -
Zhang Hai,
Zhang Ze,
Luo JiDi,
Qi XingTao,
Yu Ji,
Cai JianXin,
Yang ZhenYu
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
chemsuschem
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.412
H-Index - 157
eISSN - 1864-564X
pISSN - 1864-5631
DOI - 10.1002/cssc.201802245
Subject(s) - materials science , mesoporous material , supercapacitor , oxide , chemical engineering , lithium (medication) , molten salt , carbon fibers , electrochemistry , composite number , composite material , electrode , metallurgy , chemistry , catalysis , organic chemistry , medicine , engineering , endocrinology
Abstract Biomass‐derived carbon composites (e.g., metal oxide/biocarbon) have been used as promising electrode materials for energy storage devices owing to their natural abundance and simple preparation process. However, low loading content/inhomogeneous distribution of metal oxides and inefficient cracking of biocarbon (BC) are intractable obstacles that impede the efficient utilization of biomass. In this work, hierarchical porous MnO/BC composites were prepared by a facile molten‐salt‐assisted strategy based on the superior salt‐water absorption ability of agaric. The addition of NaCl induces a liquid reaction medium by formation of a molten salt mixture at high temperature to effectively realize the activation and cracking of the bulk carbon, and it also acts as a recyclable sacrificial template to form mesopores and macropores in the as‐prepared hierarchical porous MnO/BC composites. The highly porous and uniform BC framework effectively enhances ion diffusion and electron‐transfer ability, serves as a protective layer to prevent fracturing and agglomeration of MnO, and thus enables superior rate performance and cycling stability of the MnO/BC composite for both supercapacitor electrodes (94 % capacity retention at 20 mA cm −2 after 5000 cycles) and lithium‐ion battery anodes (783 mA h g −1 after 1000 cycles). Notably, considering the simple and low‐cost preparation process, this work opens a promising avenue for the large‐scale production of advanced metal oxide/BC hybrid electrode materials for electrochemical energy storage.