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Eco‐Efficient Synthesis of Highly Porous CoCO 3 Anodes from Supercritical CO 2 for Li + and Na + Storage
Author(s) -
Li HuiYing,
Tseng ChuanMing,
Yang ChengHsien,
Lee TaiChou,
Su ChingYuan,
Hsieh ChienTe,
Chang JengKuei
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
chemsuschem
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.412
H-Index - 157
eISSN - 1864-564X
pISSN - 1864-5631
DOI - 10.1002/cssc.201700171
Subject(s) - coco , anode , supercritical fluid , materials science , chemical engineering , electrolyte , nanotechnology , electrode , chemistry , organic chemistry , artificial intelligence , computer science , engineering
An eco‐efficient synthetic route for the preparation of high‐performance carbonate anodes for Li + and Na + batteries is developed. With supercritical CO 2 (scCO 2 ) as the precursor, which has gas‐like diffusivity, extremely low viscosity, and near‐zero surface tension, CoCO 3 particles are uniformly formed and tightly connected on graphene nanosheets (GNSs). This synthesis can be conducted at 50 °C, which is considerably lower than the temperature required for conventional preparation methods, minimizing energy consumption. The obtained CoCO 3 particles (ca. 20 nm in diameter), which have a unique interpenetrating porous structure, can increase the number of electroactive sites, promote electrolyte accessibility, shorten ion diffusion length, and readily accommodate the strain generated upon charging/discharging. With a reversible capacity of 1105 mAh g −1 , the proposed CoCO 3 /GNS anode shows an excellent rate capability, as it can deliver 745 mAh g −1 in 7.5 min. More than 98 % of the initial capacity is retained after 200 cycles. These properties are clearly superior to those of previously reported CoCO 3 ‐based electrodes for Li + storage, indicating the merit of our scCO 2 ‐based synthesis, which is facile, green, and can be easily scaled up for mass production.