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Bifunctional Ionic Liquids Derived from Biorenewable Sources as Sustainable Catalysts for Fixation of Carbon Dioxide
Author(s) -
Saptal Vitthal B.,
Bhanage Bhalchandra M.
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
chemsuschem
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.412
H-Index - 157
eISSN - 1864-564X
pISSN - 1864-5631
DOI - 10.1002/cssc.201601228
Subject(s) - ionic liquid , chemistry , catalysis , bifunctional , cycloaddition , carbon fixation , organic chemistry , epoxide , amine gas treating , green chemistry , carbon dioxide
Abstract A series of highly efficient, bifunctional ionic liquids containing a quaternary alkyl ammonium cation and an amine anion were prepared from choline and amino acids, respectively. Nine ILs were synthesized, characterized, and applied as organocatalysts for the chemical fixation of carbon dioxide to form cyclic carbonates and quinazoline‐2,4(1 H ,3 H )‐diones. A binary mixture of an IL and a co‐catalysts generates deep eutectic solvents (DESs) and accelerates the rate of the cycloaddition reaction at atmospheric pressure and low temperature (70 °C). The presence of the hydroxyl functional group of choline and the free amine group of the amino acids in the ILs has a synergistic effect on the activation of the epoxide and carbon dioxide towards the cycloaddition reactions. These ILs are biodegradable and are synthesized from easily available biorenewable sources. Additionally, this catalytic method demonstrates ultimate environmental benignity because of the mild metal‐ and solvent‐free conditions as well as the recyclability of the catalyst and co‐catalyst.