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Disordered 3 D Multi‐layer Graphene Anode Material from CO 2 for Sodium‐Ion Batteries
Author(s) -
Smith Kassiopeia,
Parrish Riley,
Wei Wei,
Liu Yuzi,
Li Tao,
Hu Yun Hang,
Xiong Hui
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
chemsuschem
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.412
H-Index - 157
eISSN - 1864-564X
pISSN - 1864-5631
DOI - 10.1002/cssc.201600117
Subject(s) - graphene , anode , faraday efficiency , materials science , raman spectroscopy , electrochemistry , intercalation (chemistry) , electrode , chemical engineering , ion , adsorption , layer (electronics) , nanotechnology , analytical chemistry (journal) , inorganic chemistry , chemistry , organic chemistry , physics , optics , engineering
We report the application of disordered 3 D multi‐layer graphene, synthesized directly from CO 2 gas through a reaction with Li at 550 °C, as an anode for Na‐ion batteries (SIBs) toward a sustainable and greener future. The material exhibited a reversible capacity of ∼190 mA h g −1 with a Coulombic efficiency of 98.5 % at a current density of 15 mA g −1 . The discharge capacity at higher potentials (>0.2 V vs. Na/Na + ) is ascribed to Na‐ion adsorption at defect sites, whereas the capacity at low potentials (<0.2 V) is ascribed to intercalation between graphene sheets through electrochemical characterization, Raman spectroscopy, and small‐angle X‐ray scattering experiments. The disordered multi‐layer graphene electrode demonstrated a great rate capability and cyclability. This novel approach to synthesize disordered 3 D multi‐layer graphene from CO 2 gas makes it attractive not only as an anode material for SIBs but also to mitigate CO 2 emission.