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Mechanochemically Reduced SiO 2 by Ti Incorporation as Lithium Storage Materials
Author(s) -
Kim Kyungbae,
Moon Janghyuk,
Lee Jaewoo,
Yu JiSang,
Cho Maenghyo,
Cho Kyeongjae,
Park MinSik,
Kim JaeHun,
Kim YoungJun
Publication year - 2015
Publication title -
chemsuschem
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.412
H-Index - 157
eISSN - 1864-564X
pISSN - 1864-5631
DOI - 10.1002/cssc.201500638
Subject(s) - materials science , anode , reactivity (psychology) , lithium (medication) , composite number , electrochemistry , amorphous solid , chemical engineering , metal , thermal stability , phase (matter) , electrode , composite material , metallurgy , chemistry , crystallography , organic chemistry , medicine , alternative medicine , pathology , engineering , endocrinology
Abstract This study presents a simple and effective method of reducing amorphous silica (a‐SiO 2 ) with Ti metal through high‐energy mechanical milling for improving its reactivity when used as an anode material in lithium‐ion batteries. Through thermodynamic calculations, it is determined that Ti metal can easily take oxygen atoms from a‐SiO 2 by forming a thermodynamically stable SiO 2− x /TiO x composite, meaning that electrochemically inactive a‐SiO 2 is partially reduced by the addition of Ti metal powder during milling. This mechanically reduced SiO 2− x /TiO x composite anode exhibits a greatly improved electrochemical reactivity, with a reversible capacity of more than 700 mAh g −1 and excellent cycle performance over 100 cycles. Furthermore, an enhancement in the mechanical and thermal stability of the composite during cycling can be mainly attributed to the in situ formation of the SiO 2− x /TiO x phase. These findings provide new insight into the rational design of robust, high‐capacity, Si‐based anode materials, as well as their reaction mechanism.