The Direct Conversion of Sugars into 2,5‐Furandicarboxylic Acid in a Triphasic System

A one‐pot conversion of sugars into 2,5‐furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA) is demonstrated in a triphasic system: tetraethylammonium bromide (TEAB) or water—methyl isobutyl ketone (MIBK)—water. In this reaction, sugars are first converted into 5‐hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) in TEAB or water (Phase I). The HMF in Phase I is then extracted to MIBK (Phase II) and transferred to water (Phase III), where HMF is converted into FDCA. Phase II plays multiple roles: as a bridge for HMF extraction, transportation and purification. Overall FDCA yields of 78 % and 50 % are achieved from fructose and glucose respectively.