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Towards a Zero‐Waste Oxidative Coupling of Nonactivated Aromatics by Supported Gold Nanoparticles
Author(s) -
Serna Pedro,
Corma Avelino
Publication year - 2014
Publication title -
chemsuschem
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.412
H-Index - 157
eISSN - 1864-564X
pISSN - 1864-5631
DOI - 10.1002/cssc.201402061
Subject(s) - biphenyl , oxidative coupling of methane , catalysis , benzene , ton , chemistry , nanoparticle , reagent , solvent , colloidal gold , selectivity , polychlorinated biphenyl , oxidative phosphorylation , coupling (piping) , coupling reaction , turnover number , photochemistry , inorganic chemistry , organic chemistry , materials science , nanotechnology , metallurgy , biochemistry , fishery , biology
We show that gold nanoparticles are able to perform the direct oxidative coupling of nonactivated aromatics with O 2 as the only co‐reagent. In this reaction, the aromatic acts both as reactant and solvent. Biphenyl, for example, can be obtained from benzene with high selectivity and a turnover number (TON) of 230 per pass. Similarly, several substituted biaryls can be prepared. Pd performs only one TON and even when a second catalytic functionality is introduced, together with strong acidic conditions, TON is always lower than 100. Other catalysts require iodine for performing the reaction, leading to 2 kg of waste for 1 kg of biphenyl formed, whereas no waste is created by the oxidative coupling with gold nanoparticles.