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One‐Pot Conversions of Lignocellulosic and Algal Biomass into Liquid Fuels
Author(s) -
De Sudipta,
Dutta Saikat,
Saha Basudeb
Publication year - 2012
Publication title -
chemsuschem
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.412
H-Index - 157
eISSN - 1864-564X
pISSN - 1864-5631
DOI - 10.1002/cssc.201200031
Subject(s) - furfural , chemistry , formic acid , catalysis , lignocellulosic biomass , hydrogenolysis , ionic liquid , organic chemistry , biomass (ecology) , biofuel , cellulose , waste management , oceanography , engineering , geology
The one‐pot conversion of lignocellulosic and algal biomass into a liquid fuel, 2,5‐dimethylfuran (DMF), has been achieved by using a multicomponent catalytic system comprising [DMA] + [CH 3 SO 3 ] − (DMA= N , N ‐dimethylacetamide), Ru/C, and formic acid. The synthesis of DMF from all substrates was carried out under mild reaction conditions. The reaction progressed via 5‐hydroxyemthylfurfural (HMF) in the first step followed by hydrogenation and hydrogenolysis of HMF with the Ru/C catalyst and formic acid as a hydrogen source. This report discloses the effectiveness of the Ru/C catalyst for the first time for DMF synthesis from inexpensive and readily abundant biomass sources, which gives a maximum yield of 32 % DMF in 1 h. A reaction route involving 5‐(formyloxymethyl)furfural (FMF) as an intermediate has been elucidated based on the 1 H and 13 C NMR spectroscopic data. Another promising biofuel, 5‐ethoxymethylfurfural (EMF), was also synthesized with high selectivity from polymeric carbohydrate‐rich biomass substrates by using a Brønsted acidic ionic liquid catalyst, that is [DMA] + [CH 3 SO 3 ] − , by etherification of HMF in ethanol.