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Three‐Dimensional Hierarchically Ordered Porous Carbons with Partially Graphitic Nanostructures for Electrochemical Capacitive Energy Storage
Author(s) -
Huang ChunHsien,
Zhang Qiang,
Chou TsuChin,
Chen ChengMeng,
Su Dang Sheng,
Doong RueyAn
Publication year - 2012
Publication title -
chemsuschem
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.412
H-Index - 157
eISSN - 1864-564X
pISSN - 1864-5631
DOI - 10.1002/cssc.201100618
Subject(s) - supercapacitor , materials science , gravimetric analysis , capacitance , specific surface area , mesoporous material , chemical engineering , nanostructure , porosity , electrolyte , graphene , carbon fibers , nanotechnology , electrochemistry , energy storage , graphite , pseudocapacitor , electrode , composite material , chemistry , organic chemistry , composite number , catalysis , power (physics) , physics , quantum mechanics , engineering
Three‐dimensional, hierarchically ordered, porous carbon (HOPC) with designed porous textures, serving as an ion‐buffering reservoir, an ion‐transport channel, and a charge‐storage material, is expected to be advanced an energy material for high‐rate supercapacitors. Herein, HOPC without/with partially graphitic nanostructures have been directly synthesized by means of a simple one‐pot synthesis procedure. The designed porous textures of the 3D HOPC materials are composed of highly ordered, fcc macroporous (300 nm), interconnected porous structures, including macroporous windows (170 nm), hexagonally ordered mesopores (5.0 nm), and useful micropores (1.2 nm). 3D HOPC‐g‐1000 (g=graphitic, 1000=pyrolysis temperature of 1000 °C) with partially graphitic nanostructures has a low specific surface area (296 m 2 g −1 ) and a low gravimetric specific capacitance (73.4 F g −1 at 3 mV s −1 ), but improved electrical conductivity, better rate performance, higher electrolyte accessibility (24.8 μF cm −2 at 3 mV s −1 ), faster frequency response (≈1 Hz), and excellent cycling performance (>5400 cycles). The specific capacitance per surface area is higher than that of conventional porous carbons, carbon nanotubes, and modified graphene (10–19 μF cm −2 ).