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Catalytic Conversion of Inulin and Fructose into 5‐Hydroxymethylfurfural by Lignosulfonic Acid in Ionic Liquids
Author(s) -
Xie Haibo,
Zhao Zongbao K.,
Wang Qian
Publication year - 2012
Publication title -
chemsuschem
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.412
H-Index - 157
eISSN - 1864-564X
pISSN - 1864-5631
DOI - 10.1002/cssc.201100588
Subject(s) - ionic liquid , chemistry , catalysis , humin , yield (engineering) , inulin , reusability , fructose , raw material , organic chemistry , 5 hydroxymethylfurfural , extraction (chemistry) , dehydration , ethanol , food science , biochemistry , materials science , fertilizer , software , humic acid , computer science , metallurgy , programming language
In this work, we found that lignosulfonic acid (LS), which is a waste byproduct from the paper industry, in ionic liquids (ILs) can catalyze the dehydration of fructose and inulin into 5‐hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) efficiently, which is a promising potential substitute for petroleum‐based building blocks. The effects of reaction time, temperature, catalyst loading, and reusability of the catalytic system were studied. It was found that a 94.3 % yield of HMF could be achieved in only 10 min at 100 °C under mild conditions. The reusability study of the LS–IL catalytic system after removal of HMF by ethyl acetate extraction demonstrated that the catalytic activity decreased from 77.4 to 62.9 % after five cycles and the catalytic activity could be recovered after simply removing the accumulated humins by filtration after adding ethanol to the LS–ILs. The integrated utilization of a biorenewable feedstock, catalyst, and ILs is an example of an ideal green chemical process.