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Hydrogenation of p ‐Chloronitrobenzene over Nanostructured‐Carbon‐Supported Ruthenium Catalysts
Author(s) -
Oubenali Mustapha,
Vanucci Giuditta,
Machado Bruno,
Kacimi Mohammed,
Ziyad Mahfoud,
Faria Joaquim,
RaspolliGaletti Anna,
Serp Philippe
Publication year - 2011
Publication title -
chemsuschem
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.412
H-Index - 157
eISSN - 1864-564X
pISSN - 1864-5631
DOI - 10.1002/cssc.201000335
Subject(s) - ruthenium , catalysis , aniline , carbon nanofiber , nitric acid , chemistry , carbon fibers , inorganic chemistry , nanoparticle , ruthenium oxide , carbon nanotube , materials science , organic chemistry , nanotechnology , composite number , composite material
Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and carbon nanofibers (CNFs) have been used for the first time to support ruthenium nanoparticles for the hydrogenation of p ‐chloronitrobenzene (p‐CNB) to produce selectively p ‐chloroaniline. The preparation of well‐dispersed ruthenium catalysts from the [Ru 3 (CO) 12 ] precursor required activation of the purified supports by nitric acid oxidation. The supports, purified and functionalized, and the supported catalysts have been characterized by a range of techniques. The catalytic activity of these materials for the hydrogenation of p ‐CNB at 35 bar and 60 °C is shown to reach as high as 18 mol p ‐CNB g Ru −1 h −1 , which is one order of magnitude higher than a commercial Ru/Al 2 O 3 catalyst. Selectivities between 92 and 94 % are systematically obtained, the major byproduct being aniline.