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Synthesis of Transition Metal‐Modified Carbon Nitride Polymers for Selective Hydrocarbon Oxidation
Author(s) -
Ding Zhengxin,
Chen Xiufang,
Antonietti Markus,
Wang Xinchen
Publication year - 2011
Publication title -
chemsuschem
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.412
H-Index - 157
eISSN - 1864-564X
pISSN - 1864-5631
DOI - 10.1002/cssc.201000149
Subject(s) - catalysis , benzene , photocatalysis , styrene , graphitic carbon nitride , x ray photoelectron spectroscopy , chemistry , transition metal , inorganic chemistry , materials science , nuclear chemistry , polymer , organic chemistry , chemical engineering , copolymer , engineering
Abstract Modification of graphitic carbon nitride (g‐C 3 N 4 ) photocatalyst with transition metals was achieved with a simple soft‐chemical approach using dicyandiamide monomer and metal chloride as precursors, in combination with a thermal‐induced polycondensation at 600 °C under nitrogen atmosphere. The resultant organic–inorganic hybrid materials were thoroughly characterized by a variety of techniques, including X‐ray diffraction (XRD), UV/Vis spectroscopy, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), N 2 ‐sorption, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), photoluminescence (PL), and FTIR. Benzene hydroxylation and styrene epoxidation reactions were employed to evaluate the catalytic/photocatalytic activity of the synthesized g‐C 3 N 4 ‐based catalysts. Results showed that Fe‐ and Cu‐modified g‐C 3 N 4 were active for the hydroxylation of benzene to phenol using H 2 O 2 under mild conditions. It was also found that g‐C 3 N 4 could promote the catalytic epoxidation of styrene using molecular oxygen as the primary oxidant; after modification with Co and Fe, the catalytic performance for styrene epoxidation with O 2 could be significantly improved, especially when coupled with visible‐light irradiation.