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Nanostructured Carbon and Carbon Nanocomposites for Electrochemical Energy Storage Applications
Author(s) -
Su Dang Sheng,
Schlögl Robert
Publication year - 2010
Publication title -
chemsuschem
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.412
H-Index - 157
eISSN - 1864-564X
pISSN - 1864-5631
DOI - 10.1002/cssc.200900182
Subject(s) - electrochemical energy storage , software portability , nanotechnology , supercapacitor , energy storage , materials science , electrochemical energy conversion , battery (electricity) , lithium (medication) , carbon fibers , nanocomposite , electrochemistry , computer science , electrode , power (physics) , chemistry , medicine , physics , quantum mechanics , composite material , composite number , programming language , endocrinology
Electrochemical energy storage is one of the important technologies for a sustainable future of our society, in times of energy crisis. Lithium‐ion batteries and supercapacitors with their high energy or power densities, portability, and promising cycling life are the cores of future technologies. This Review describes some materials science aspects on nanocarbon‐based materials for these applications. Nanostructuring (decreasing dimensions) and nanoarchitecturing (combining or assembling several nanometer‐scale building blocks) are landmarks in the development of high‐performance electrodes for with long cycle lifes and high safety. Numerous works reviewed herein have shown higher performances for such electrodes, but mostly give diverse values that show no converging tendency towards future development. The lack of knowledge about interface processes and defect dynamics of electrodes, as well as the missing cooperation between material scientists, electrochemists, and battery engineers, are reasons for the currently widespread trial‐and‐error strategy of experiments. A concerted action between all of these disciplines is a prerequisite for the future development of electrochemical energy storage devices.