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Photochemical Key Steps in the Synthesis of Surfactants from Furfural‐Derived Intermediates
Author(s) -
Gassama Abdoulaye,
Ernenwein Cédric,
Hoffmann Norbert
Publication year - 2009
Publication title -
chemsuschem
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.412
H-Index - 157
eISSN - 1864-564X
pISSN - 1864-5631
DOI - 10.1002/cssc.200900150
Subject(s) - chemistry , furfural , alkyl , hydrogen peroxide , organic chemistry , amine gas treating , moiety , critical micelle concentration , micelle , catalysis , aqueous solution
Furfural is oxidized to 2[5 H ]‐furanone by using hydrogen peroxide or to 5‐hydroxy‐2[5 H ]‐furanone by using photo‐oxygenation. An amine function is introduced by photochemically induced radical addition of tertiairy amines, some of which carry an n ‐alkyl side chain as hydrophobic moiety. These amines are produced from fatty aldehydes and cyclic secondary amines. The resulting adducts are transformed into amphoteric surfactants possessing an ammonium and a carboxylate function. Amphoteric (p K N and isoelectric point) and surfactant properties such as the critical micelle concentration and the adsorption efficiency are determined.