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Optimization of nitrogen fertilizer management for improving rice grain yield and nutrient accumulation and mobilization in saline‐alkaline soils
Author(s) -
Guo Xiaohong,
Jiang Hongfang,
Lan Yuchen,
Wang Heying,
Xu Lingqi,
Yin Dawei,
Zheng Guiping,
Lv Yandong
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
crop science
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.76
H-Index - 147
eISSN - 1435-0653
pISSN - 0011-183X
DOI - 10.1002/csc2.20169
Subject(s) - panicle , agronomy , nutrient management , fertilizer , oryza sativa , transplanting , biology , nutrient , alkali soil , soil salinity , crop , salinity , soil water , sowing , ecology , biochemistry , gene
Soil salinity and alkalinity are key abiotic stresses that limit crop growth and yield worldwide. Balanced N fertilization is important for improving rice ( Oryza sativa L.) yield via efficient utilization of P and K under saline and alkaline soil conditions. In this study, a japonica rice cultivar, Kenjing 8, was used to investigate the effects of N fertilizer on rice yield, as well as N, P, and K status, in a 2‐yr field experiment in saline‐alkaline soil in Heilongjiang Province, northeast China. The plants were assigned to the following five treatment groups: no N fertilizer, or conventional, balanced, reduced, and postponed N fertilizer management. Compared with conventional N management practice, balanced and reduced N management practices increased the concentrations of N, P, and K in the leaves, stem‐sheaths, and panicles at full heading (FH) and maturity; however, postponed N management led to the opposite results. Balanced N management increased N, P, and K mobilization to the leaves (from FH to maturity) by 49, 43, and 67%, respectively, resulting in the highest crop yields among all the N management practices studied. Furthermore, rice yield was positively correlated with N, P, and K accumulation and rates of nutrient mobilization to the leaves, stem‐sheaths, and panicles at maturity. The application of 150 or 135 kg N ha −1 , and the proportion of 4:3:1:2 in the pre‐transplanting, mid‐tillering, panicle initiation, and panicle differentiation stages, may increase rice yield and facilitate efficient utilization of nutrients in saline‐alkaline soil.