Open AccessActive MMP‐8 point‐of‐care (PoC)/chairside enzyme‐test as an adjunctive tool for early and real‐time diagnosis of peri‐implantitis
Author(s) -
Lähteenmäki Hanna,
Tervahartiala Taina,
Räisänen Ismo T.,
Pärnänen Pirjo,
Mauramo Matti,
Gupta Shipra,
Sampson Victoria,
Rathnayake Nilminie,
Heikkinen AnnaMaria,
Alassiri Saeed,
Gieselmann DirkRolf,
Frankenberger Roland,
Sorsa Timo
Publication year - 2022
Publication title -
clinical and experimental dental research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.464
H-Index - 9
ISSN - 2057-4347
DOI - 10.1002/cre2.537
Subject(s) - medicine , implant , point of care testing , matrix metalloproteinase , peri implantitis , dentistry , pathology , surgery
Objective The aim of this study was to investigate the utility of the active matrix metalloproteinase (aMMP‐8)‐point‐of‐care (PoC) test as a quantitative real‐time chair‐side diagnostic tool for peri‐implant diagnosis, as well as assess the potentially developing and ongoing risk relative to the traditional clinical methods. Background Current peri‐implant and periodontal disease diagnoses rely on clinical and radiological examinations. This case‐control study investigated the applicability of aMMP‐8‐PoC immunotest for quantitative real‐time diagnosis and monitoring of dental implants in health and disease. Methods Sixty‐eight patients visiting a specialist clinic for maintenance following dental implant placement underwent assessment of their peri‐implant health. aMMP‐8‐PoC peri‐implant sulcular fluid (PISF) lateral‐flow immunotests were performed using ImplantSafe® technology quantitated by ORALyzer®. In addition, the PISF samples were analyzed for total MMP‐8, calprotectin, and interleukin (IL)‐6 by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA), aMMP‐8 by western immunoblot, and MMP‐2 and MMP‐9 by gelatin zymography. Results The aMMP‐8‐PoC test promptly recorded and reflected peri‐implant disease, differentiating it clearly from health. X‐ray findings (bone loss > 2 mm), peri‐implant pocket depth ≥ 3 mm, and bleeding on probing were significantly more prevalent among implants positive for the aMMP‐8‐PoC test. aMMP‐8/ORALyzer analysis was more precise in recording disease than total MMP‐8, calprotectin, IL‐6, MMP‐2, and MMP‐9. Conclusions The aMMP‐8‐PoC test can be conveniently implemented to alert for and detect active collagenolysis affecting peri‐implant tissues, both in the early and advanced stages of the disease. Active and fragmented MMP‐8 exhibits a strong and significant association with peri‐implantitis as compared to total MMP‐8 and other biomarkers and can be utilized as the POC/chairside biomarker of choice in the new classification of peri‐implantitis.