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Growth and characterization of photorefractive Bi 12 TiO 20 single crystals
Author(s) -
Prokofiev V. V.,
Carvalho J. F.,
Andreeta J. P.,
Gallo N. J. H.,
Hernandes A. C.,
Frejlich J.,
Freschi A. A.,
Garcia P. M.,
Maracaiba J.,
Kamshilin A. A.,
Jaaskelainen T.
Publication year - 1995
Publication title -
crystal research and technology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.377
H-Index - 64
eISSN - 1521-4079
pISSN - 0232-1300
DOI - 10.1002/crat.2170300205
Subject(s) - photorefractive effect , materials science , analytical chemistry (journal) , chemistry , optoelectronics , chromatography
Photorefractive Bi 12 TiO 20 single crystals of high optical quality were grown in a resistive heating furnace from high temperature nonstoichiometric (10:1) solutions of Bi 2 O 3 and TiO 2 at pulling rates 0.3–0.8 mm/h at rotation 20–30 rpm along the <001> and <011> axis. Powder X‐ray analysis, Laue method, and electron‐probe microanalysis were used for characterization. BTO crystals have the bcc structure of sillenite type with a 0 = 10.178(8) Å. The chemical composition of the crystals can be written down as Bi 12.1 ± 0.2 Tio 0.96 ± 0.09 O 20.1 . Natural optical activity ρ of BTO crystals is 6.3 ± 0.2 deg/mm at λ = 0.633 μm and 11.9 ± 0.2 deg/mm at λ = 0.5145 μm, optical absorption coefficient α = 0.42 ± 0.04 cm −1 at λ = 0.633 μm and linear electro‐optic coefficient r 41 = r 52 = r 63 = 5.3 pm/V. Fanning effect in the “fiber‐like” BTO sample was studied and double phase conjugation with conversion efficiency up to 8% was observed in a wide range of incidence angles of the pump at λ = 0.633 μm for 2 × 3 mW input light power.