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The Effects of Polymeric Additives on the Crystallization of Compounds Found in the Evaporator Scales of Australian Sugar Mills (I), Compositions of the Scale Deposits
Author(s) -
Doherty W. O. S.,
Crees O. L.,
Senogles E.
Publication year - 1993
Publication title -
crystal research and technology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.377
H-Index - 64
eISSN - 1521-4079
pISSN - 0232-1300
DOI - 10.1002/crat.2170280505
Subject(s) - thermogravimetry , sugar , evaporation , differential thermal analysis , crystallization , amorphous solid , chemical engineering , calcium oxalate , composition (language) , phosphate , chemistry , analytical chemistry (journal) , oxalate , materials science , mineralogy , chromatography , diffraction , crystallography , organic chemistry , inorganic chemistry , thermodynamics , optics , philosophy , engineering , linguistics , physics
The composition of scales formed in multiple evaporator units at three Australian sugar mills have been determined using X‐ray fluorescence (XRF), high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), X‐ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetry/differential thermal analysis (TG/DTA) and other analytical methods. The composition of the scales formed in each mill have been found to be significantly different and to depend on whether they originated from early or later stages of the evaporation process. Calcium oxalate (present as the di and monohydrate) was identified as a major component of the scales from one mill but was found to be only a minor component of the scales from the other two. The latter were shown to contain two or more forms of calcium phosphate as dominant phases. Amorphous or crystalline silica was found to be present in most of the scales examined.