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Multiferroic Nature of Microwave‐Processed and Sol‐Gel Synthesized NanoPb 1‐x Co x TiO 3 ( x = 0.2–0.8) Ceramics
Author(s) -
Kumar Nagasamudram Suresh,
Suvarna Reniguntla Padma,
Naidu Kadiyala Chandra Babu
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
crystal research and technology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.377
H-Index - 64
eISSN - 1521-4079
pISSN - 0232-1300
DOI - 10.1002/crat.201800139
Subject(s) - multiferroics , materials science , crystallite , tetragonal crystal system , magnetization , ceramic , analytical chemistry (journal) , ferromagnetism , ferroelectricity , transmission electron microscopy , sol gel , cobalt , microwave , paramagnetism , magnetic hysteresis , hysteresis , dielectric , crystallography , condensed matter physics , nanotechnology , magnetic field , crystal structure , chemistry , metallurgy , optoelectronics , physics , chromatography , quantum mechanics
The lead cobalt titanate (PCT) nanoparticles are prepared through sol‐gel technique by changing the Co content from 0.2 to 0.8. Later, the prepared materials are microwave‐heated at 1023 K for ¾ h. The X‐ray diffraction analysis reveals the change of structure of PCT nanoparticles from tetragonal (T) to rhombohedral (R) phases at higher cobalt contents. In addition, the Williamson–Hall (W–H) plots are drawn to determine microstrain ( ε ′) and crystallite size ( D ′) values. The surface morphology is carried out using field emission scanning and transmission electron microscopes. Moreover, the room temperature multiferroic nature is described using polarization versus electric field (P–E) and magnetization versus applied magnetic field (M–H) curves. The magnetic hysteresis loop results indicate a transition from ferromagnetic to paramagnetic state.