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Surface‐morphology evolution of ZnO nanostructures grown by hydrothermal method
Author(s) -
Zhang X. L.,
Dai H. T.,
Zhao J. L.,
Wang S. G.,
Sun X. W.
Publication year - 2014
Publication title -
crystal research and technology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.377
H-Index - 64
eISSN - 1521-4079
pISSN - 0232-1300
DOI - 10.1002/crat.201300334
Subject(s) - nanorod , morphology (biology) , hydrothermal circulation , nanocrystal , nanostructure , precipitation , materials science , chemical engineering , zinc , surface energy , nanotechnology , metallurgy , composite material , genetics , physics , meteorology , engineering , biology
Surface‐morphology evolution of ZnO nanocrystals has been observed by the hydrothermal process. The effects of stirring time and ammonia content on the morphology evolution have been discussed, respectively. Extension of stirring time of the precursor results in morphology transformation from star‐like to wire‐like ZnO nanocrystals. ZnO nuclei aggregation and uniform Zn(OH) 2 precipitation can readily explain these two morphologies, respectively. By increasing the ammonia content in the solution, the morphology of ZnO crystals is transformed from an irregular shape to hexagon sheets to nanorods, and the side length of ZnO crystals is decreased accordingly. Hollow structures are realized at the subsequent solution aging process. Variation of zinc ammonic complex and minimum surface energy can well explain the morphology evolution of ZnO nanostructures.