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Microwave irradiation solvothermal technique: an optimized protocol for size‐control synthesis of Ru nanoparticles
Author(s) -
Suryawanshi Y. R.,
Chakraborty M.,
Jauhari S.,
Mukhopadhyay S.,
Shenoy K. T.,
Shridharkrishna R.
Publication year - 2013
Publication title -
crystal research and technology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.377
H-Index - 64
eISSN - 1521-4079
pISSN - 0232-1300
DOI - 10.1002/crat.201200412
Subject(s) - particle size , ethylene glycol , ruthenium , solvent , materials science , nanoparticle , chemical engineering , particle size distribution , nuclear chemistry , analytical chemistry (journal) , nanotechnology , chemistry , organic chemistry , catalysis , engineering
Ruthenium (III) chloride salt and Poly (N‐vinyl‐2‐pyrrolidone) (PVP as a capping agent) was dissolved in ethylene glycol, which played a dual role for synthesis, as solvent and also as reducing agent. Microwave (MW) irradiation was applied to the solvent which provided controllable thermal activation for synthesis of ruthenium nanoparticles and also restricted the agglomeration of particles in presence of excess amount of solvent, which was recovered by distillation after completion of reaction. Synthesized particle was found to be in the range of 2–20 nm with narrow size distribution and average particle size was around 14 nm. Particle size and size distribution were studied by varying different parameters e.g. reaction temperature, time, PVP/RuCl 3 molar ratio and irradiation power and was characterized by Transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Mathematical model has been developed using matlab software to obtain the particle size as a function of microwave power.