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The effect of crucible bottom deformation on the quality of Nd:GGG crystals grown by Czochralski method
Author(s) -
Saeedi H.,
Asadian M.,
Enayati Sh.,
Mirzaei N.,
Mashayekhi Asl I.,
Sabbaghzadeh J.
Publication year - 2011
Publication title -
crystal research and technology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.377
H-Index - 64
eISSN - 1521-4079
pISSN - 0232-1300
DOI - 10.1002/crat.201100388
Subject(s) - crucible (geodemography) , materials science , gadolinium gallium garnet , crystal (programming language) , diffraction , deformation (meteorology) , optics , crystallography , mineralogy , composite material , epitaxy , chemistry , computational chemistry , physics , layer (electronics) , computer science , programming language
In this paper, we report the growth of neodymium doped Gadolinium Gallium Garnet (Nd: GGG) crystal using Czochralski (CZ) method, and study the effects of crucible bottom deformation and thermal insulator thickness on the growth process and crystal quality. Garnet structure and <111> crystallography orientation of the crystal were confirmed by the X‐Ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. Macroscopic defects, residual stresses, quality, and homogeneity of the crystals were investigated by means of parallel plane polariscope and laser fizeau interferometer respectively and the results compared together. Experimental observations show that the crucible bottom deformation from flat to convex, and decreasing the thickness of zirconia insulator under the crucible result in the formation of lateral cores and increasing the crystal inhomogeneity and tensions, leading to the decrease of the crystal quality. (© 2011 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)