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Application of predominance diagrams in melt growth of oxides
Author(s) -
Ganschow S.,
Schulz D.,
Klimm D.,
Bertram R.,
Uecker R.
Publication year - 2010
Publication title -
crystal research and technology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.377
H-Index - 64
eISSN - 1521-4079
pISSN - 0232-1300
DOI - 10.1002/crat.201000358
Subject(s) - sapphire , partial pressure , crystal growth , oxygen , metal , atmosphere (unit) , materials science , thermodynamics , czochralski method , computation , thermodynamic equilibrium , crystallography , chemistry , metallurgy , optics , physics , mathematics , laser , organic chemistry , algorithm
Abstract Equilibrium thermodynamic calculations are used to construct predominance diagrams of the Ti–O, Cr–O, and Zn–O systems and implications for the growth of Ti:Sapphire, ruby, and ZnO crystals are discussed. For each of these systems, a growth atmosphere yielding an oxygen partial pressure that stabilizes the desired oxidation state of the metal is proposed on the basis of the performed computations. The effectiveness of these atmospheres is demonstrated in crystal growth experiments. (© 2010 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)