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Atomic force microscopy studies on surface morphologies of CdHg(SCN) 4 crystals grown in solutions containing excessive amount of Cd(II) cations
Author(s) -
Jiang X. N.,
Xu D.,
Sun D. L.,
Yuan D. R.,
Zhang Q. Y.
Publication year - 2003
Publication title -
crystal research and technology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.377
H-Index - 64
eISSN - 1521-4079
pISSN - 0232-1300
DOI - 10.1002/crat.200310016
Subject(s) - nucleation , crystallography , chemistry , crystal growth , impurity , molar ratio , atomic force microscopy , crystal (programming language) , anisotropy , nanotechnology , materials science , organic chemistry , catalysis , optics , physics , computer science , programming language
Abstract Surface morphologies of CdHg(SCN) 4 (CMTC) crystals grown from solutions with excessive amount of Cd(II) cations (5%, 20% and 50% in molar ratio) have been investigated by atomic force microscopy (AFM). [Cd(SCN) n ] 2‐n (n ≤ 4) complex anions formed by addition of excessive Cd(II) cations in the solutions have been found to act either as growth units or impurities during CMTC crystal growth. On the prismatic faces, incorporation of [Cd(SCN) n ] 2‐n (n ≤ 4) complex anions as growth units leads to the formation of well‐oriented protuberance trains at the step fronts, named as “locally anisotropic crystal growth”. These protuberances become fewer, less distinct and nearly disappeared with the increase of excessive Cd(II) cations in the solutions. The pyramidal face, however, varies from regular 2D nucleation growth at a low concentration of Cd(II) to much rougher growth surfaces at high concentrations, exhibiting typical surface morphologies where crystal growth is completely inhibited by impurities. Observations in this experiment provide a new picture of crystal growth.