Premium
Timolol kinetics in chronic renal insufficiency
Author(s) -
Lowenthal David T.,
Pitone Joseph M.,
Affrime Melton B.,
Shirk Jane,
Busby Patricia,
Kim Kwan E.,
Nancarrow John,
Swartz Charles D.,
Onesti Gaddo
Publication year - 1978
Publication title -
clinical pharmacology and therapeutics
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.941
H-Index - 188
eISSN - 1532-6535
pISSN - 0009-9236
DOI - 10.1002/cpt1978235606
Subject(s) - timolol , medicine , urology , renal function , blood pressure , endocrinology , anesthesia , surgery , intraocular pressure
A single‐dose kinetic study of oral timolol, 20 mg, was undertaken in 3 groups of volunteers with varying degrees of renal function—(1) 10 normal subjects (N); (2) 9 patients with moderate chronic renal insufficiency (MCRI; C cn 20 to 50 ml/min); (3) 4 patients with end‐stage renal disease (ESRD)—to assess the need for dosage modification as renal function diminishes. There were borderline statistical differences in absorption between groups. The mean peak concentration (C max ) was 84.3 ± 44.8 ng/ml at 0.8 ± 0.4 hr for N and 87.1 ± 22.8 ng/ml at 1.7 ± 1.2 hr (p, NS) for MCRI. Nand MCRI mean half‐lives (5.2 ± 2.6 hr and 4.0 ± 1.2 hr) were not statistically different. Salivary levels correlated with plasma levels in 3 Nand 1 MCRI patient. Group differences in blood pressure and pulse response to timolol seems to reflect differences present at baseline with percent change from baseline identical for the two groups except at 12 to 24 hr. Administration oftimolol on an interdialysis day revealed similar kinetic and physiologic response in the normal and the MCRI group. During dialysis, timolol, 20 mg, induced significant hypotension and bradycardia.