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Translational Pharmacogenomics: Discovery, Evidence Synthesis and Delivery of Race‐Conscious Medicine
Author(s) -
Davis Brittney H.,
Limdi Nita A.
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
clinical pharmacology and therapeutics
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.941
H-Index - 188
eISSN - 1532-6535
pISSN - 0009-9236
DOI - 10.1002/cpt.2357
Subject(s) - pharmacogenomics , race (biology) , pharmacogenetics , context (archaeology) , demographics , medicine , precision medicine , modalities , drug response , bioinformatics , drug , pharmacology , biology , genetics , pathology , genotype , paleontology , social science , botany , demography , sociology , gene
Response to medications, the principal treatment modality for acute and chronic diseases, is highly variable, with 40–70% of patients exhibiting lack of efficacy or adverse drug reactions. With ~ 15–30% of this variability explained by genetic variants, pharmacogenomics has become a valuable tool in our armamentarium for optimizing treatments and is poised to play an increasing role in clinical care. This review presents the progress made toward elucidating genetic underpinnings of drug response including discovery of race/ancestry‐specific pharmacogenetic variants and discusses the current evidence and evidence framework for actionability. The review is framed in the context of changing demographics and evolving views related to race and ancestry. Finally, it highlights the vital role played by cohort studies in elucidating genetic differences in drug response across race and ancestry and the informal collaborations that have enabled the field to bridge the “bench to bedside” translational gap.