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Pharmacodynamic Drug–Drug Interactions
Author(s) -
Niu Jin,
Straubinger Robert M.,
Mager Donald E.
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
clinical pharmacology and therapeutics
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.941
H-Index - 188
eISSN - 1532-6535
pISSN - 0009-9236
DOI - 10.1002/cpt.1434
Subject(s) - pharmacodynamics , drug , pharmacology , mechanism (biology) , drug drug interaction , drug interaction , medicine , drug development , drug discovery , computer science , computational biology , bioinformatics , pharmacokinetics , biology , philosophy , epistemology
Pharmacodynamic drug–drug interactions ( DDI s) occur when the pharmacological effect of one drug is altered by that of another drug in a combination regimen. DDI s often are classified as synergistic, additive, or antagonistic in nature, albeit these terms are frequently misused. Within a complex pathophysiological system, the mechanism of interaction may occur at the same target or through alternate pathways. Quantitative evaluation of pharmacodynamic DDI s by employing modeling and simulation approaches is needed to identify and optimize safe and effective combination therapy regimens. This review investigates the opportunities and challenges in pharmacodynamic DDI studies and highlights examples of quantitative methods for evaluating pharmacodynamic DDI s, with a particular emphasis on the use of mechanism‐based modeling and simulation in DDI studies. Advancements in both experimental and computational techniques will enable the application of better, model‐informed assessments of pharmacodynamic DDI s in drug discovery, development, and therapeutics.