The Impact of Formulation, Delivery, and Dosing Regimen on the Risk of Drug–Drug Interactions

Pharmacokinetic (PK)based drug–drug interaction (DDI) potential is assessed throughout drug development. Quantitative assays and translational methods have helped to reduce late phase failures due to unfavorable PK. Lately, it has been suggested that PK modeling can mitigate unwanted PK properties and variability and in the process bring novel compounds to market. Here, we highlight how formulation and dosing effects add uncertainty to metabolic DDI predictions and how PK modeling can be used to better manage DDIs.