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Columnar Mesomorphism of Board‐Shaped Perylene, Diketopyrrolopyrrole, Isoindigo, Indigo, and Quinoxalino‐Phenanthrophenazine Dyes
Author(s) -
Eichhorn S. Holger,
ElBallouli A. O.,
Cassar Adam,
Kaafarani Bilal R.
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
chempluschem
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.801
H-Index - 61
ISSN - 2192-6506
DOI - 10.1002/cplu.202100024
Subject(s) - perylene , supramolecular chemistry , intermolecular force , materials science , supramolecular assembly , columnar phase , supramolecular chirality , indigo , molecule , crystallography , liquid crystalline , nanotechnology , liquid crystal , chemistry , organic chemistry , optoelectronics , optics , physics
The properties of organic dyes depend as much on their intermolecular interactions as on their molecular structure. While it is generally predictable what supramolecular structure would be ideal for a specific application, the generation of specific supramolecular structures by molecular design and suitable processing methods remains to be a challenge. A versatile approach to different supramolecular structures has been the application of mesomorphism in conjunction with alignment techniques and self‐assembly at interfaces. Reviewed here is the columnar mesomorphism of board‐shaped dyes perylene, indigo, isoindigo, diketopyrrolopyrrole, and quinoxalinophenanthrophenazine. They generate a larger number of different supramolecular structures than conventional disc‐shaped (discotic) mesogens because of their non‐circular shape and directional intermolecular interactions. The mesomorphism of all but the perylene derivatives is systematically and comprehensively covered for the first time.