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Graphitic Carbon Nitride (g‐C 3 N 4 ) Supported Palladium Species: An Efficient Heterogeneous Photocatalyst Surpassing Homogeneous Thermal Heating Systems for Suzuki Coupling
Author(s) -
Wang Nan,
Ma Lixia,
Wang Jing,
Zhang Yanpei,
Jiang Ruibin
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
chempluschem
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.801
H-Index - 61
ISSN - 2192-6506
DOI - 10.1002/cplu.201900360
Subject(s) - suzuki reaction , catalysis , palladium , photocatalysis , homogeneous , homogeneous catalysis , heterogeneous catalysis , carbon nitride , materials science , graphitic carbon nitride , coupling reaction , photochemistry , chemical engineering , chemistry , organic chemistry , physics , thermodynamics , engineering
Suzuki coupling is of paramount importance in C−C coupling reactions. However, Suzuki coupling reactions are generally catalyzed by homogeneous catalysts under thermal heating, which results in difficulties in the catalyst separation and consumes a relatively large amount of energy. g ‐C 3 N 4 /Pd has been successfully prepared for photocatalytic Suzuki coupling reactions. The g ‐C 3 N 4 /Pd is prepared through the reduction of a Pd source in the presence of g ‐C 3 N 4 . The Pd is found to exist as Pd nanoparticles and Pd(II) species on g ‐C 3 N 4 . Owing to the good light absorption of g ‐C 3 N 4 and the excellent catalytic activity of the Pd species, the g ‐C 3 N 4 /Pd shows an excellent photocatalytic performance in Suzuki coupling reactions with a TOF of 47.3 h −1 , which is almost twice that of a commercial homogeneous catalyst Pd(PPh 3 ) 4 , under thermal heating. Moreover, g ‐C 3 N 4 /Pd displays very good recyclability and wide applicability for Suzuki coupling reactions. Our findings provide a green and sustainable method for the catalysis of Suzuki coupling reactions.