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The Antimicrobial Activity of Mononuclear Ruthenium(II) Complexes Containing the dppz Ligand
Author(s) -
Liu Xuewen,
Sun Biyun,
Kell Ruby E. M.,
Southam Hannah M.,
Butler Jonathan A.,
Li Xin,
Poole Robert K.,
Keene F. Richard,
Collins J. Grant
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
chempluschem
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.801
H-Index - 61
ISSN - 2192-6506
DOI - 10.1002/cplu.201800042
Subject(s) - phenazine , ruthenium , chemistry , ligand (biochemistry) , stereochemistry , bacteria , receptor , biochemistry , biology , catalysis , genetics
The cis ‐α isomer of [Ru(bb 7 )(dppz)] 2+ (dppz=dipyrido[3,2‐ a :2′,3′‐ c ]phenazine; bb 7 =bis[4(4′‐methyl‐2,2′‐bipyridyl)]‐1,7‐alkane) has been synthesised. The minimum inhibitory concentrations and the minimum bactericidal concentrations of [Ru(bb 7 )(dppz)] 2+ and its parent complex [Ru(phen) 2 (dppz)] 2+ (phen=1,10‐phenanthroline) were determined against a range of bacteria. The results showed that both ruthenium complexes exhibited good activity against Gram‐positive bacteria, but [Ru(bb 7 )(dppz)] 2+ showed at least eightfold better activity against the Gram‐negative bacteria than [Ru(phen) 2 (dppz)] 2+ . Luminescence assays demonstrated that [Ru(bb 7 )(dppz)] 2+ accumulated in a Gram‐negative bacterium to the same degree as in a Gram‐positive species, and assays with liposomes showed that [Ru(bb 7 )(dppz)] 2+ interacted more strongly with membranes than the parent [Ru(phen) 2 (dppz)] 2+ complex. The DNA binding affinity for [Ru(bb 7 )(dppz)] 2+ was determined to be 6.7 × 10 6 m −1 . Although more toxic to eukaryotic cells than [Ru(phen) 2 (dppz)] 2+ , [Ru(bb 7 )(dppz)] 2+ exhibited greater activity against bacteria than eukaryotic cells.