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Pyrrolo[3,2‐ b ]pyrrole as the Central Core of the Electron Donor for Solution‐Processed Organic Solar Cells
Author(s) -
Domínguez Rocío,
Montcada Núria F.,
de la Cruz Pilar,
Palomares Emilio,
Langa Fernando
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
chempluschem
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.801
H-Index - 61
ISSN - 2192-6506
DOI - 10.1002/cplu.201700158
Subject(s) - pyrrole , homo/lumo , moiety , organic solar cell , delocalized electron , stacking , electron acceptor , acceptor , polymer solar cell , chemistry , electron donor , photochemistry , materials science , molecule , solar cell , stereochemistry , organic chemistry , optoelectronics , physics , polymer , catalysis , condensed matter physics
A series of three small‐molecule acceptor–donor–acceptor (A‐D‐A) compounds with a tetraaryl‐1,4‐dihydropyrrolo[3,2‐ b ]pyrrole as the central building block were synthesized and fully characterized. These molecules present high thermal stability and suitable HOMO–LUMO energy levels making them feasible electron‐donor materials in bulk heterojunction organic solar cells (BHJ‐OSC). Moreover, theoretical work predicts of a lack of planarity and no π–π stacking, furthermore. The electron density of the HOMO is distributed on the pyrrole–pyrrole moiety and that of the LUMO is delocalized, in contrast, on the phenyl groups. The organic solar cells deliver an open‐circuit voltage of 0.99 V. However, the overall efficiency is limited due to the low charge mobility measured for holes, 10 −9 cm 2 V −1 s −1 .