Premium
Activated Carbons Prepared through H 3 PO 4 ‐Assisted Hydrothermal Carbonisation from Biomass Wastes: Porous Texture and Electrochemical Performance
Author(s) -
QuesadaPlata Fabian,
RuizRosas Ramiro,
Morallón Emilia,
CazorlaAmorós Diego
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
chempluschem
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.801
H-Index - 61
ISSN - 2192-6506
DOI - 10.1002/cplu.201600412
Subject(s) - hydrothermal circulation , phosphoric acid , porosity , materials science , electrochemistry , chemical engineering , carbon fibers , biomass (ecology) , texture (cosmology) , activated carbon , hydrothermal synthesis , supercapacitor , carbon fixation , specific surface area , chemistry , organic chemistry , composite material , catalysis , composite number , adsorption , metallurgy , electrode , carbon dioxide , artificial intelligence , image (mathematics) , oceanography , computer science , engineering , geology
Hydrothermal treatment of biomass in the presence of phosphoric acid is proposed for the production of activated carbons (ACs). Interestingly, H 3 PO 4 promotes the fixation of carbon atoms in the solid during hydrothermal treatment, which renders higher preparation yields than those of the conventional impregnation method. Upon carbonisation of the resulting hydrochars at 450 °C, a notable development of porosity is achieved by using a low amount and concentration of phosphoric acid; these conditions are not adequate for conventional activation. The viability of this process for the sustainable production of ACs has been successfully checked in four biomasses of different composition and structures, and ACs of surface areas above 2000 m 2 g −1 and tuneable pore size distribution have been obtained. Electrochemical characterisation of ACs prepared at 750 °C in 1 m H 2 SO 4 demonstrates that capacitances of approximately 150 F g −1 with acceptable rate performance can be obtained through this simple method.